Journal of Economic Animal

Effects of Different Breeding Environments on Animal Immunological Homeostasis and Immune Response

Current Status, Main Problems and Solutions of Pet Feed in China

Effects of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Structural Proteins on the Expression of Cellular Polar Molecule Par6

Identification and Genetic Evolution of Two Isolated Goose Astrovirus Genotype 2

Production Performance Measurement and Genetic Evaluation of Fur-bearing Animals

Fur-bearing animals (such as mink， fox， and raccoon dog) are important specialized economic animals， and their industrial value centers on key economic traits such as fur quality， body size， reproductive performance， and disease resistance. Genetic evaluation and scientific， standardized performance testing form the foundation for the genetic improvement of these traits. This paper systematically reviews the content， methods， and standardization processes for measuring the main economic traits of fur-bearing animals. It elaborates on the application of traditional genetic evaluation methods， including selection index based on pedigree information and Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP)， as well as the exploration and practice of molecular genetic evaluation technologies in recent years， such as Genomic Selection (GS) and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Additionally， it introduces the advantages and future development trends of genetic evaluation systems for fur-bearing animals， aiming to provide theoretical references for the scientific and precise breeding of these animals.

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Action and Application of Functional Feed Additives in Fur Animal Farming^*

With the continuous development of the fur animal industry， ensuring animal health and enhancing fur quality have become focal points of industry attention. Functional feed additives， characterized by their antibiotic-reducing， safe， and highly effective properties， have gradually become important regulatory tools in animal husbandry. The article systematically elaborates on the mechanisms of action of functional feed additives such as probiotics， plant extracts and enzymes. It summarizes their specific application effects in promoting animal growth， enhancing antioxidant and immune functions， improving gut health， and elevating fur quality. Additionally， it addresses prominent issues in current applications and outlines future development directions， aiming to provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the scientific application of functional feed additives in fur animal farming.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Phenotype Analysis of a Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Isolated from Wild Cervus elaphus in Southern Xinjiang

In this study， tissue samples of liver and lung lesions， as well as blood samples， were collected from deceased wild Cervus elaphus for bacterial isolation， purification， culture， and pathological diagnosis. The isolated strains were identified through bacterial morphological observation， Gram staining， and PCR methods. The biological characteristics of the isolated strains were investigated via capsular serotyping， antimicrobial susceptibility testing， and PCR amplification of resistance and virulence genes. The results demonstrated that one strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated and identified from the lung lesion tissue samples of the deceased wild Cervus elaphus， with the capsular serotype identified as K1. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that the isolated strain exhibited resistance to erythromycin， clindamycin， cephradine， ampicillin， penicillin， and compound sulfamethoxazole. A total of six resistance genes belonging to four categories were detected， including the cephalosporin resistance gene SHV， quinolone resistance genes oqxB， gyrA， and parC， aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(3)-IIa， and the efflux pump gene AcrAB. Additionally， eight virulence genes belonging to three categories were identified， comprising lipopolysaccharide-related genes wabG and uge， siderophore-related genes entB， aero， ybtA， iutA， and icuB， and the capsular gene rmpA2. These findings provide a reference basis for research on and prevention and control of Klebsiella pneumoniae derived from wildlife.

Effects of Different Protein Source Diets on the Composition， Structure， and Function of Jejunal Bacteria in Juvenile Raccoon Dogs

Gut health is essential for the growth and development of raccoon dogs， and dietary protein supply is a key factor modulating the composition of their gut microbiota. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of diets formulated with different protein sources (fish meal or corn distillers dried grains with solubles， DDGS) on the jejunal microbial composition， community structure， and predicted functions in juvenile raccoon dogs. Ten healthy 9-week-old male raccoon dogs were randomly assigned to two groups (fish meal: RDP; corn DDGS: SDP)， with five animals per group and one animal per replicate. After a 4-day adaptation period， the feeding trial lasted 45 days. At the end of the experiment， the animals were euthanized and jejunal digesta were collected for 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4) sequencing. Compared with the SDP group， the RDP group showed significantly higher observed features and Chao1 indices (P<0.05)， while Shannon and Simpson indices did not differ (P>0.05). Principal coordinate analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling based on Bray-Curtis distances indicated a certain separation trend， but PERMANOVA and ANOSIM were not significant (P>0.05). The dominant taxa differed between groups at the phylum and genus levels. The RDP group had higher relative abundances of Proteobacteria， Alloprevotella， and Bifidobacterium， whereas the SDP group showed a higher proportion of Firmicutes， Turicibacter and Lactobacillus. Differential analysis revealed significant increases of Proteobacteria， Alloprevotella， Ruminococcus gnavus， and Sellimonas in the RDP group (P<0.05). Venn analysis showed 9 characteristic genera in the RDP group and 2 in the SDP group. Functional prediction suggested enhanced pathways related to transport and catabolism， one carbon pool by folate， and other glycan degradation in the RDP group， while energy metabolism was elevated in the SDP group (P<0.05). In conclusion， different protein sources could affect the composition and functions of jejunal bacteria in raccoon dog， providing insights for protein source selection and targeted microecological regulation during the rearing stage.

Establishment of a TaqMan qPCR Detection Method for Aleutian Mink Disease Virus and Study on Its Tissue Distribution in Mink

To establish a rapid and accurate quantitative detection method for Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV)， specific primers and probes were designed based on the conserved region of the VP2 gene， and a TaqMan qPCR detection method was developed for specific， sensitive and repeatable detection and quantification of AMDV. The detection limit of the method was as low as 3.45×10¹ copies/uL of plasmid DNA. The sensitivity of the established TaqMan-qPCR detection method was 100 times that of the conventional PCR， and the intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient of variation were both less than 2%. The clinical samples from minks in different regions of Shandong Province were tested， and the results showed that the prevalence of AMDV infection was relatively high， with 82% in Jiaozhou， 67% in Jimo， 71% in Laizhou， and 76% in Zhucheng. The analysis of different tissues of minks using the established AMDV TaqMan-qPCR method showed that AMDV was distributed in all organs， with higher viral loads in the spleen and lymph nodes (4.99×10⁸ copies/g - 6.84×10⁸ copies/g)， and a lower viral load in the brain tissue (1.99×10⁷ copies/g). The experiments demonstrated that the established fluorescence quantitative PCR detection method could be used for rapid quantitative detection of AMDV， and the study of the tissue distribution of AMDV in minks provided a theoretical basis for further revealing the tissue tropism and pathogenicity of AMDV.

A Study on the Extraction Separation and Anticancer Activity of Velvet Antler Protein

Application of Ecological Niche Models for Selection of Species Habitat

Advances on the Chemical Components and Pharmacological Activities of Velvet Antler

The Effect of the Alcohol Extract of Pilose Antler on the Red Blood Cells′ Immunologic Function in the Mice Treated by Cyclophosphamide

Pathogens of Intestinal Diseases in Giant Panda

Interpretation of Development of Chinese Pet industry in 2024

Utilization of Resources Insects

Advances on the Chemical Components and Pharmacological Activities of Velvet Antler

Research Progress of Immune Adjuvant

Advanceson Heat Shock Protein